UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa. — Penn State Professor of German and Linguistics Michael Putnam has spent a good part of his career thinking about language attrition, or “language loss,” among bi- and ...

There are roughly 7,000 languages spoken around the world. Indigenous groups speak more than 4,000 of them, despite making up less than 6 percent of the global population. These languages often hold ...

After moving abroad, I found my English slowly eroding. It turns out our first languages aren’t as embedded as we think. Credit...Artwork by PABLO DELCÁN Supported by By Madeleine Schwartz Madeleine ...

Fahad Hanna does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their ...