Diaphragm (innervated by phrenic nerve) and external intercostal muscles (innervated by segmental intercostal nerves) contract, creating a negative pressure around the lung. Air rushes into the lungs …

Jul 16, 2023 · The cough reflex is an important defence mechanism which clears the airways of irritants by forcefully expelling air from the respiratory tract. This article will discuss the cough reflex arc, its …

The cough reflex consists of an afferent pathway, where impulses travel via the branches of the vagal and laryngeal nerves to the brainstem and are modulated in the cerebral cortex, followed by a motor …

Most of our understanding about the afferent (sensory) neuronal pathways regulating the cough reflex comes from studies performed in animals.

Each cough occurs through the stimulation of a complex reflex arc. This is initiated by the irritation of cough recep-tors which are found in the trachea, main carina, branch-ing points of large airways, and …

Our current understanding of the afferent neuronal pathways regulating the cough reflex is derived almost entirely from studies in animals. In these studies, 5–10 conclusive evidence that vagal …

Elucidating the neuronal pathways that trigger cough, particularly by targeting specific subpopulations of cells and central regions, may broaden our understanding of cough and provide precise therapeutic …

Jun 29, 2021 · In this review we discuss both hyper- and hypo-activation of the cough reflex and how airway reflux and chronic aspiration may be involved in the aetiology and sequalae of both disease …

Refractory cough is often associated with cough reflex sensitization and airway inflammation. Thus, elucidating the neuronal pathways responsible for initiating cough will broaden our comprehension of …

Aug 6, 2015 · This chapter is most relevant to Section F10 (v) from the 2023 CICM Primary Syllabus, which expects the exam candidates to be able to "explain the pathways and importance of the cough …